surface damage or gradable PMD

at which point does an gradable scratch on a coin's surface become un-gradable surface damage?
what are the criteria for setting the threshold for a damaged coin?
i have seen coins with very skinny, but long, surface scratches that are graded. others i have seen with shorter, thicker scratches not graded. does the size and shape determine whether or not it's gradable? does the the severity or quantity? what about placement or eye appeal? how subjective is this determination or are there hard and fast rules and determining factors?
what are the criteria for setting the threshold for a damaged coin?
i have seen coins with very skinny, but long, surface scratches that are graded. others i have seen with shorter, thicker scratches not graded. does the size and shape determine whether or not it's gradable? does the the severity or quantity? what about placement or eye appeal? how subjective is this determination or are there hard and fast rules and determining factors?
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Comments
<< <i>Severity is considered - and that is subjective (as is all grading) and Bosco is also correct, more latitude is given older, early U.S. coins. Cheers, RickO >>
... and to the "importance" of the coin. PCGS graded the most recently "discovered" (now 9th known) 1817/4 Capped Bust half despite a nasty gouge on the obverse. I don't believe that if it were a different die marriage from 1817 it would have graded and would have been returned in a Genuine holder.
See http://www.doubledimes.com for a free online reference for US twenty-cent pieces
This coin is net graded F-15 as "damaged/scratched obverse." And it's pretty obvious why.