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Fastest pitch ever recorded

I was interested in what the fastest pitch ever recorded was. I ran across this article from Baseball Almanac that I thought was interesting and I thought I would share it.

It is a common belief that Walter Johnson was one of the hardest throwers in history. According to this (and my conversion to m.p.h.), Walter Johnson would have been average today. I was very surprised at this finding. The article below states that Walter Johnson was recorded throwing 134 FEET PER SECOND. If you convert this, you come up with only 91.36 MILES PER HOUR. Christy Mathewson was recorded throwing 127 FEET PER SECOND which converts to only 86.59 MILES PER HOUR.

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Baseball Alamanac Article


The Fastest Pitcher in Baseball History

by Baseball Almanac, Inc.



Fans, researchers, historians and even the players argue all the time about who was the fastest pitcher of all-time. The most widely quoted response is Nolan Ryan, whose fastball was "officially" clocked by the Guinness Book of World Records at 100.9 miles per hour in a game played on August 20, 1974, versus the Detroit Tigers. A record that's still included in the book.

Fascinating accounts, stories, and even myths about how fast - or not so fast - a pitch has gone are common in the annals of the game. One such account allegedly took place during a Spring Training game in 1968. A rookie catcher named Johnny Bench was behind the plate and eight-year veteran Jim Maloney was on the mound. Bench continuously called for breaking balls and Maloney continuously shook him off. Frustrated, the two met at the mound where Bench bluntly said, "Your fastball's not popping." Maloney, also blunt, replied, "%*$@ you." The rookie returned to his position behind the plate and called for a curve, only to be shaken off again. Bench gave in to the veteran (who had recently strung together four consecutive seasons with 200+ strikeouts) and signaled for a fastball. Maloney delivered. Before the pitch reached the plate Bench dropped his glove and caught the ball bare-handed - or so the story goes.

Stories about the fastest pitchers in history have also appeared in the Associated Press. Radar (RAdio Detection And Ranging) guns were first introduced in 1935 and the media has covered their evolution with great interest. Two early stories about this emerging technology and its application towards baseball pitching speeds are reprinted below:

Meter to Record Feller's Speed

CLEVELAND (AP) — A series of photo-electric cells may settle all those arguments over who is the speedball king of the major leagues.

A few amateurs warmed up yesterday on a new pitching speed meter. Today it will test the salary wings of Bob Feller, and any other members of the Cleveland and Boston American loop clubs who are willing. Other American League clubs will be given a chance at it later.

John A. Crawford of the Cleveland Plain Dealer thought the idea would be useful in selection of pitching and other talents. President Alvin Bradley of the Cleveland Indians agreed and Rex D. McDill, Cleveland electronics engineer, built the machine.

"A kid pitcher has to have a fast ball to succeed in the big leagues," said Bradley, "for he can never learn how to pitch faster. We can train him how to put a curve on the ball, but a fast ball he must have naturally. This machine will tell us at once whether he has the fast ball. The same goes for an infielder."

First Miss Cappy Ogiun, a visitor from Orlando, Fla., tried her speed yesterday. Her best was 40 feet per second.

A varied assortment of men followed. The best throw was 86 feet a second, the second best 84. A man of about 60 years old did a foot for each of his years.

Sponsors recalled that back in 1917, in Bridgeport (Conn.) arms laboratory, Walter Johnson recorded 134 feet per second, Christy Mathewson 127 and "Smoky Joe" Wood 124. They used a gravity drop interval recorder.

The new meter, which gives an immediate reading which engineers said compared with standard laboratory meter accuracy, is built in a trailer. You throw into a hole two feet square. Just inside is a set of photo-electric tubes, and five feet back is another set. The device measures the ball's speed between the two points and flashes it on a scale facing the pitcher.

Source: Richmond (VA) Times Dispatch, June 6, 1939.

Smoky Joe Wood often said, "I threw so hard, I thought my arm would fly right off my body." Walter Johnson, often cited as the fastest throwing pitcher in Major League history by experts, believed that Wood was faster than himself and once said, "Mister, no man alive can throw a baseball harder than Joe Wood." Both were mentioned in the Meter to Record Feller's Speed article above and the unit of measure was feet per second. Modern measurements / clockings are done in miles per hour in the United States and kilometers per hour in Canada & Japan. Baseball Almanac is pleased to provide you with a velocity calculator which you can use to convert these various formats and compare pitchers - both modern and historical.

So how fast was Feller? The Meter to Record Feller's Speed article mentioned it was specifically going to examine his pitching speed. Satchel Paige, who could bring on the heat himself, believed Feller was the fastest and told teammates, "If anybody threw that ball any harder than Rapid Robert, then the human eye couldn't follow it." Feller once mentioned that he was clocked at 104 mph at Lincoln Park in Chicago. He also claimed he was clocked at 107.9 mph in a demonstration in 1946 at Griffith Stadium. At the Aberdeen Proving Grounds he was measured using the ever-popular speeding motorcycle test, once used in 1914 with Walter Johnson who reached 99.7 mph, and Feller reached 98.6 mph. The results of the test from the "new meter" were reported the day after the initial article:

Humphreys' 'Hard' Un' Faster Than Feller's, Meter Shows

CLEVELAND (AP) - Three Boston Red Sox threw a baseball 122 feet a second into a new photo-electric pitching meter yesterday. Three Cleveland Indians could do only 119 feet.

Pitchers were not included in yesterday's test but "unofficially," Bob Feller of Cleveland threw three balls into the meter from a distance of 20 feet. The best mark he recorded was 119 feet. His less-touted teammate, pitcher Johnny Humphreys, recorded 127 feet. There will be a contest for pitchers later.

Jimmy Foxx, Jim Tabor, and Roger Cramer made it a clean Boston sweep with a first-place tie in yesterday's fielders contest.

The best the Indians could do was a tie at 119 feet by Ben Chapman, Julius Solters and Jim Shilling.

Cleveland men who developed the speed meter said the only comparable scientific marks were made in 1917. Walter Johnson threw the ball 134 feet a second, Christy Mathewson 127 and "Smoky Joe" Wood 124. Their speeds were shown by a gravity drop interval recorder.

Source: Richmond (VA) Times Dispatch, June 7, 1939.

The results from the "contest for pitchers" have never been found. Since machine testing was rare and uncommon we are left with a scientific void about historical flamethrowers. Early comments about fastball pitchers can be found in many old newspapers and offer some interesting insight into who was considered fastest during this early era:

"He (Lefty Grove) was the fastest pitcher who ever lived." - Ford Frick

"Smokey Joe (Williams) could throw harder than all of them." - Satchel Paige in Blackball Stars (1988)

"You can talk about the speed of Walter Johnson or Amos Rusie, but I doubt that either had any more speed than (Chief) Bender when he was at his best. He was not physically as strong as some others, but he had long, tapering fingers and a peculiar whip to his arm that certainly drove that baseball through the air." - Eddie Collins

"You can't hit what you can't see." - Joe Tinker talking about Rube Marquard.

Another fascinating account of a fastball pitcher, who is often credited as one of the fastest ever, was described in great detail by baseball historian Jonathan Fraser Light. The "twist" here is this pitcher never appeared in a Major League game!

Steve Dalkowski.

“To understand how Dalkowski, a chunky little man with thick glasses and a perpetually dazed expression, became a ‘legend in his own time’...”

— Pat Jordan in The Suitors of Spring (1974).

The fastest pitcher ever may have been 1950s phenom and flameout Steve Dalkowski. Dalkowski signed with the Orioles in 1957 at age 21. After nine years of erratic pitching he was released in 1966, never having made it to the Major Leagues. Despite his failure, he has been described as the fastest pitcher ever.

Ted Williams once stood in a spring training batting cage and took one pitch from Dalkowski. Williams swore he never saw the ball and claimed that Dalkowski probably was the fastest pitcher who ever lived. Others who claimed he was the fastest ever were Paul Richards, Harry Brecheen and Earl Weaver. They all thought he was faster than Bob Feller and Walter Johnson, though none of them probably saw Johnson pitch.

In 1958 the Orioles sent Dalkowski to the Aberdeen Proving Grounds, a military installation where Feller was once clocked. Feller was clocked at 98.6 mph. Dalkowski was clocked at only 93.5, but a few mitigating factors existed:

1) Dalkowski had pitched in a game the day before, so he could be expected to throw 5-10 mph slower than usual;

2) there was no mound to pitch from, which Feller had enjoyed, and this would drop his velocity by 5-8 mph;

3) he had to pitch for 40 minutes before the machine could measure his speed, and he was exhausted by the time there was a reading. Other sources reported that the measuring device was a tube and that he took a long time to finally throw one into the tube.

It was estimated that Dalkowski’s fastball at times reached 105 mph. Dalkowski was not physically imposing, standing only 5'8" and wearing thick glasses. He had legendary wildness, which kept him out of the Major Leagues. In 995 minor league innings, he walked 1,354 batters and struck out 1,396. He walked 21 in one minor league game and struck out 21 in another. In high school he pitched a no-hitter while walking 18 and striking out 18.

He threw 283 pitches in a complete game against Aberdeen and once threw 120 pitches in only two innings. He played in nine leagues in nine years.

In 1963 for Elmira he finally started throwing strikes. During spring training in 1964, Dalkowski was with the Major League club. After fielding a sacrifice bunt by pitcher Jim Bouton in spring training, Dalkowski’s arm went dead and he never recovered. He drifted to various jobs and landed in Bakersfield, California, where he was arrested many times for fighting.

He once threw a ball at least 450 feet on a bet. He was supposed to throw the ball from the outfield wall to home plate, but he threw it well above the plate into the press box. He once threw a pitch so hard that the catcher missed the ball and it shattered an umpire’s mask. Dalkowski was the basis for wild fastball pitcher Nuke LaLoosh in the movie Bull Durham.

Source: The Cultural Encyclopedia of Baseball, 1997.

Radar guns now routinely measure the modern pitcher's performance and the magic fastball number is now set at 100 miles per hour. Scoreboards in nearly every ballpark - including High Schools - now flash pitch speeds for the world to see. Breaking the 100 mph plateau makes news that can often travel to the front office at nearly the same speed. "You should see the scouts, " said Braves speed gun handler Jim Guadagno, "They're like kids with new toys when they see that 100 light up on their guns. Three digits! Nobody else in the league can do that." The pitcher Guadagno was referring to was Mark Wohlers and since then other hurlers have joined this unique fraternity:

Shane

Comments

  • mikeschmidtmikeschmidt Posts: 5,756 ✭✭✭
    Shane -

    I'm not positive that comparing a recording of speed from one hundred years ago versus something today is truly comparable. I think most of us would admit that the game has changed, that players are generally stronger, and that specialization in pitching and better understanding of physics and physiotherapy has allowed for better pitching.

    But I also find it hard to believe that Matty was "only" pitching 86 mph.

    Also, where is the speed recorded? Is it velocity from leaving the palm, or is it velocity crossing the plate? [yes -- speed does slow down in those sixty feet...].

    Lastly, I thought Sidd Finch was the world record holder.
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  • georgebailey2georgebailey2 Posts: 1,076 ✭✭✭
    I think you are about 20 days late on the Sidd Finch comment.
  • RipublicaninMassRipublicaninMass Posts: 10,051 ✭✭✭
    Thread too long


    Joel Zumaya clocked at 103?

    When did pitchers start throwing 100% overhanded?
  • eagles33eagles33 Posts: 2,682 ✭✭✭
    didn't todd van popple throw over 105mph.. i remember looking for his future star card back in the day..
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  • frankhardyfrankhardy Posts: 8,111 ✭✭✭✭✭


    << <i>Shane -

    I'm not positive that comparing a recording of speed from one hundred years ago versus something today is truly comparable. I think most of us would admit that the game has changed, that players are generally stronger, and that specialization in pitching and better understanding of physics and physiotherapy has allowed for better pitching.

    But I also find it hard to believe that Matty was "only" pitching 86 mph.

    Also, where is the speed recorded? Is it velocity from leaving the palm, or is it velocity crossing the plate? [yes -- speed does slow down in those sixty feet...].

    Lastly, I thought Sidd Finch was the world record holder. >>




    I agree with it not being totally comparable, but it's the best we have. There wasn't precise radar guns back then. I just thought it was interesting.

    Shane

  • I'm pretty sure Nolan Ryan got it up to 103 because I remember going to the carnival games where you would guess your speed and that was on the banner. Not the most reliable source but I know he hit three digits often and played for quite a while so I thought it was reasonable.
  • AkbarCloneAkbarClone Posts: 2,476 ✭✭✭
    I don't have any sports cards & memorabilia related to the fastest pitch ever recorded.
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  • frankhardyfrankhardy Posts: 8,111 ✭✭✭✭✭


    << <i>I don't have any sports cards & memorabilia related to the fastest pitch ever recorded. >>



    I do. I have the baseball that Nolan Ryan threw at 106 mph. image

    Shane

  • KbKardsKbKards Posts: 1,782 ✭✭✭
    The other birds playing chicken swear this is the fastest pitch they ever saw.
    http://www.spike.com/video/ball-hits-bird/2675661
  • scooter729scooter729 Posts: 1,730 ✭✭✭
    Any speed assessments from the 1950s and earlier are very subjective. Heck, Bob Feller raced against a motorcycle to determine his speed.

    Ted Williams often said that Virgil Trucks was the fastest pitcher he faced, that Trucks pitched 10 mph faster than anyone else at the time.
  • MooseDogMooseDog Posts: 1,946 ✭✭✭


    << <i>didn't todd van popple throw over 105mph.. i remember looking for his future star card back in the day.. >>



    Van Poppel clocked in the high 90s but his fastball was pretty straight. He actually had a big breaking curve to go along with the heater. He was unfortunately rushed to the bigs and never lived up to the hype. Facing major leagues after high schoolers is a pretty big jump and they never gave him a chance to develop.
  • PowderedH2OPowderedH2O Posts: 2,443 ✭✭
    Why does it seem unreasonable that Johnson and Matty weren't as fast? Look at almost every athletic event in the Olympics. How many of them have world records more than a few years old? Not many. And certainly not any from Walter Johnson's time. Jesse Owens was the 100 meters World Record holder in 1936 with a time of 10.2 seconds. In the 2008 Olympics, dead last in the final was Darvis Patton at 10.03 seconds. In 1934, Jack Torrance set a shot put record at 17.40 meters that stood for 14 years. Now, that sort of throw wouldn't win the NCAA Division III Championship. So, it seems reasonable that Johnson's time might have been accurate.
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  • Wasn't baseball a little heavier back then??


    Ryanimage
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  • fkwfkw Posts: 1,766 ✭✭
    I highly doubt anyone can physically throw over 104.
    And a catcher would have major trouble with anything over 100 especially if its a 2 seamer down or 4 seamer up.

    104 is about 2-3 feet faster than 100... and 100 is roughly 6 feet faster than 90 mph (ball is close to 8'-9' further at same reaction time between 104-90), and your talking about a release point of only about 53' away. The catcher would have trouble adjusting within the strike zone at this 100+ mph speed. Plus the batter would actually have to start his swing a fraction before the balls release and then break his swing down if he actually can recognize early its off target slightly. It would be a guess swing at best and in reality the pitcher would have accidentally hit the bat if contact ever happened.

    In college I faced a couple Pac10 guys that threw about 98 or so, and I faced John Wetteland dozens of times before he had back probs in college, they all threw in the upper 90's and it was tough to follow the ball for the batter let alone the catcher/umpire, and with bad lights at night too. Those were scary ABs for sure, especially Wetteland who was wild with his 4 seamer up and an A$$ at times back then before he went Christian.

    PS I faced Randy Johnson in American Legion when he was about 18, and I didnt have a prob with speed, it was the angle of the release point that was tricky, completely different from what a batter is used to, especially a Lefty.

    Ive always said Joe Woods probably threw the hardest PreWar, Modern Era.... it would be a short reliever IMO.
  • jay0791jay0791 Posts: 3,537 ✭✭✭✭
    There was a thread about tis a little while ago. undoubtaly the fastest ever was a guy who never made it very far . no more than a year or two for the balt orioles. Ted williams did say he was the hardest he ever saw. He would routinely throw 105. his name is dave (polish name for last) and is found on a 1963 topps rookie card. Eral weaver tried to help him. He was a alchoholic and could never put the bottle down.
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  • yankeeno7yankeeno7 Posts: 9,248 ✭✭✭
    You mean to tell me that Pujols is yet to make the fastest pitch ever recorded? image


  • << <i>The other birds playing chicken swear this is the fastest pitch they ever saw.
    http://www.spike.com/video/ball-hits-bird/2675661 >>



    That was a fowl ball.image
  • SidePocketSidePocket Posts: 2,901 ✭✭✭
    I love the Bench story whether its true or not.

    "Molon Labe"



  • << <i>But I also find it hard to believe that Matty was "only" pitching 86 mph. >>



    Why would that be hard to believe? Current Major League fastballs average 90-91. Compared to how much slower bat speeds were 100 years ago, seems reasonable that being only 5% slower than modern day average would be more than enough to help some become an all-time great
    Tom
  • I've clocked this guy at 101 mph. He's a real wild thing.

    image
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  • frankhardyfrankhardy Posts: 8,111 ✭✭✭✭✭


    << <i>You mean to tell me that Pujols is yet to make the fastest pitch ever recorded? image >>



    Nope. He just hits the fastest pitches. image

    Shane

  • TabeTabe Posts: 6,095 ✭✭✭✭✭
    Ryan's record of 100.9 has been surpassed dozens of times in the last 20 years by, among others, Robb Nen, Matt Anderson (who once threw a sequence that went something like 102, 100, 101, 100, 102), and Joel Zumaya.

    The fastest I've ever heard of - no doubt measured inaccurately - was from Van Lingle Mungo, who supposedly hit 118.

    Also, as for Dalkowski, I seriously doubt his throw of "over 450 feet". The record is actually 445ft by Glen Gorbous in 1957.

    This is a topic that has fascinated me as well.

    Tabe
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