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Terms and definitions for the those interested in philately
Plato
Posts: 67
in Stamps Forum
Just a few terms and definitions for those new to the hobby. 
Terms and definitions used in Philately
· Definitive Stamps (Continuing postage stamps): They are printed usually in two colors and in numerous quantity under the said name for the payment of postal rates. (Atatürk, Turkish Famous Scholars, Anatolian plants, wild flowers etc.)
· Official postage stamps: Postage stamps that are printed for using in payment of all postal rates of all kinds of mails posted by the national Budget, Annex Budget and Private Budget Organizations, Municipalities and their Administration and Institutions.
· Commemeration Stamps: Stamps on which generally picture and motives pertaining to the particular event or person are printed thereon for commemoration. Mainly such as famous persons, tourism heritages, endemic plants and animals are being included. Circulation of commemoration stamps is 600.000 and this quantity is fixed in Turkey.
· Commemoration Blocks: Stamps on which generally picture and motives pertaining to the particular event or person are printed thereon for commemoration. Commemoration blocks remain for sale for a period of 6 months as of the date on which they are put to sale, however they are continuously effective for use on mail.
· Surplus Value Commemoration Stamps: Surplus values available on these stamps are not effective in payment of postal rates, but amount of such values are paid to the Red Crescent and Social Services, Children Care Association at the end of the year. Such stamps remain in circulation for sale by the end of the following year as of their issue date. Circulation of stamps with plus value and commemoration blocks is 300.000.
· Air-Mail Stamp : Stamps which are printed on postal rates envisaged for mailing articles to be forwarded by airmail on the basis of postal tariff and bearing pictures related with aviation on them.
· Thematic Stamp : Stamps bearing pictures of certain subjects such as bird, flower, sports, famous poeple, paintings, etc.
· Taxe Stamp : Stamps which are used for charges received from addressees or from their senders when necessary of mails for unpayment and underpayment in. They cannot be used for other postal services. At present, we do not have such kind of stamp.
· Tête Bêche : It stands for two stamps printed as reverse to one another. They may be printed as reverse head to head, reverse side by side and reverse foot to foot. "Tête Bêche" stamps may be used in payment of postal rates also one by one.
· Souvenir Sheet : Small sheet of stamps on which one or several stamp(s) perforated or unperforated and bearing usually inscriptions at its sides.
· Postage stamp overprint : It is printing job of new inscriptions, figures or designs on valuable papers or stamps by changing or unchanging values in order to commemorate another event or changing the purpose of issuing the stamp.
· Variety : Printing of a stamp in various forms. Its difference from the "error" is that "variety" is to be printed under the control of Post Administration and in numerous quantities.
· Center : Equality of opposite margins of a stamp, i.e. frame around a picture of stamp is printed just at the center of the sheet of stamp.
· Portfolio: Philatelic file in which commemoration stamp printed for a commemoration, related FDCs ( first day cover), card or other publications are placed.
· Series: A set involving each and every value of stamps issued under the same name.
· Block: The group of stamps consist of unremoved at least 4 stamps side by side or one over another.
· Legend: Inscriptions on a stamp.
· Charniére: Small pieces of glued paper used for sticking stamps in album
· Philatelic Envelope: Special envelopes bearing the first day and special date stamp (postmark).
· Special Date Cover: Special envelopes on which a special philatelic stamp is affixed, bearing inscriptions and designs related with the subject.
· Margin: Non-printed area left outside of the main body of stamp sheets and commemoration blocks and stamps.
· Postcard: Postcards with or without pictures, bearing print of stamp, etc. showing postal rate and the inscription "postcard"
· Stamped paper: Postcards bearing imprinted stamps.
· Perforation: Line of small holes between sheets of postal stamps and stamps on commemoration blocks for easy removal from one another.
· Value: Amount of money shown in figures and additionally in writing on some of valuable papers used in mail and indicating their sales price or any one of stamps presented in a series.
· Perforated: Serrated edges of stamps left at the end of perforation.
· Emission: Issuing a valuable paper or stamp.
· Error: A defect occurred at the time of printing or perforation of valuable papers.
· Specimen: The draft prints prepared by the printing office in order to show the last condition of the print. They are also called specimen of preparation. It is important in terms of seeing preparation of stamp. They are not sold; and kept in the museums and archives of Postal Administrations.
· Format: Size in mm. of a picture on the stamp (margin is not included) (e.g.25x40 mm.).
· Watermark: The number of prints of stamps and valuable papers. A special design and mark such as inscription, figure or motif in some paper of stamps, visible when paper is held up to the light. It is used for preventing printing of fake stamps.
· Maximum Card: Philatelic card with special postmark bearing a magnified picture on a postage stamp and carrying additionally the stamp itself as printed or affixed thereon.
Postmarks:
· Normal Postmark: Postage stamps are used in mail only once. In order to ensure this single use, postage stamps are cancelled by stamping with postmark (normal, first day and special postmark) after they are affixed.
· First day postmark: They are the date postmarks which are used only for cancellation of such postage stamps on the date on which they are issued and bearing on them inscriptions and designs related with the subject.
· Special Day Postmark: Date postmarks which are used for cancellation of any current postage stamp or commemoration block and bearing on them inscription and designs concerning the event, on certain days for some important events for which commemoration stamps have not been issued and in PTT Offices at the places where events have occurred.
Collection
Nowadays collection of postage stamps has become one of the major hobbies. Although everybody has a special interest in a subject and fond of dealing with collection, when we speak about collection we firstly think the postage stamp collection. While collection of postage stamp is the most widespread collection, it is also the most interesting, the best training and the most profitable collection.
Dealing with stamps is informative as well as pleasurable. Stamps in the collection of stamp are representative of the countries to which they belong. They give information to the collectors about their countries' history, geography, economy, famous persons, beauties, social life and traditions. Cultural level of a stamp collector automatically increases by dealing with collection of stamp.
Collection of stamp gives information to the collector and teaches to be tidy, helps him/her to make strong friendships, furthermore prevents him/her to make unvecessary expenditures.
Stamp collector who will take first step in philately. For a stamp collector who will take first step in philately, it is sufficient to begin with a series of stamp, if available a special block and first day envelop. Upon wish, a 4-block formed by 4 stamps on top of other and side by side not separated from one another may also be bought.
Stamps may be kept without being canceled, in other words as brand new and unused or those used may be kept with as being canceled. If stamps are canceled with a special mark it is proper to keep them with their envelopes. Collector of stamps must pay attention to see that the stamps should be perforated and not be broken. Otherwise, his/her collection becomes worthless. Furthermore, a philatelist who starts collecting the stamps must determine in advance what kind of collection he-she will make (classic, motif, thematic, country) and then must start buying stamps. Thus he/she may have a rather orderly collection.
Tools and apparatuses needed for a Philatelist
Tools and apparatuses needed and required at the beginning of collecting stamps are;
· Stamp pens,
· Stamp Album,
· Magnifier
· Catalogue for stamp.
Terms and definitions used in Philately
· Definitive Stamps (Continuing postage stamps): They are printed usually in two colors and in numerous quantity under the said name for the payment of postal rates. (Atatürk, Turkish Famous Scholars, Anatolian plants, wild flowers etc.)
· Official postage stamps: Postage stamps that are printed for using in payment of all postal rates of all kinds of mails posted by the national Budget, Annex Budget and Private Budget Organizations, Municipalities and their Administration and Institutions.
· Commemeration Stamps: Stamps on which generally picture and motives pertaining to the particular event or person are printed thereon for commemoration. Mainly such as famous persons, tourism heritages, endemic plants and animals are being included. Circulation of commemoration stamps is 600.000 and this quantity is fixed in Turkey.
· Commemoration Blocks: Stamps on which generally picture and motives pertaining to the particular event or person are printed thereon for commemoration. Commemoration blocks remain for sale for a period of 6 months as of the date on which they are put to sale, however they are continuously effective for use on mail.
· Surplus Value Commemoration Stamps: Surplus values available on these stamps are not effective in payment of postal rates, but amount of such values are paid to the Red Crescent and Social Services, Children Care Association at the end of the year. Such stamps remain in circulation for sale by the end of the following year as of their issue date. Circulation of stamps with plus value and commemoration blocks is 300.000.
· Air-Mail Stamp : Stamps which are printed on postal rates envisaged for mailing articles to be forwarded by airmail on the basis of postal tariff and bearing pictures related with aviation on them.
· Thematic Stamp : Stamps bearing pictures of certain subjects such as bird, flower, sports, famous poeple, paintings, etc.
· Taxe Stamp : Stamps which are used for charges received from addressees or from their senders when necessary of mails for unpayment and underpayment in. They cannot be used for other postal services. At present, we do not have such kind of stamp.
· Tête Bêche : It stands for two stamps printed as reverse to one another. They may be printed as reverse head to head, reverse side by side and reverse foot to foot. "Tête Bêche" stamps may be used in payment of postal rates also one by one.
· Souvenir Sheet : Small sheet of stamps on which one or several stamp(s) perforated or unperforated and bearing usually inscriptions at its sides.
· Postage stamp overprint : It is printing job of new inscriptions, figures or designs on valuable papers or stamps by changing or unchanging values in order to commemorate another event or changing the purpose of issuing the stamp.
· Variety : Printing of a stamp in various forms. Its difference from the "error" is that "variety" is to be printed under the control of Post Administration and in numerous quantities.
· Center : Equality of opposite margins of a stamp, i.e. frame around a picture of stamp is printed just at the center of the sheet of stamp.
· Portfolio: Philatelic file in which commemoration stamp printed for a commemoration, related FDCs ( first day cover), card or other publications are placed.
· Series: A set involving each and every value of stamps issued under the same name.
· Block: The group of stamps consist of unremoved at least 4 stamps side by side or one over another.
· Legend: Inscriptions on a stamp.
· Charniére: Small pieces of glued paper used for sticking stamps in album
· Philatelic Envelope: Special envelopes bearing the first day and special date stamp (postmark).
· Special Date Cover: Special envelopes on which a special philatelic stamp is affixed, bearing inscriptions and designs related with the subject.
· Margin: Non-printed area left outside of the main body of stamp sheets and commemoration blocks and stamps.
· Postcard: Postcards with or without pictures, bearing print of stamp, etc. showing postal rate and the inscription "postcard"
· Stamped paper: Postcards bearing imprinted stamps.
· Perforation: Line of small holes between sheets of postal stamps and stamps on commemoration blocks for easy removal from one another.
· Value: Amount of money shown in figures and additionally in writing on some of valuable papers used in mail and indicating their sales price or any one of stamps presented in a series.
· Perforated: Serrated edges of stamps left at the end of perforation.
· Emission: Issuing a valuable paper or stamp.
· Error: A defect occurred at the time of printing or perforation of valuable papers.
· Specimen: The draft prints prepared by the printing office in order to show the last condition of the print. They are also called specimen of preparation. It is important in terms of seeing preparation of stamp. They are not sold; and kept in the museums and archives of Postal Administrations.
· Format: Size in mm. of a picture on the stamp (margin is not included) (e.g.25x40 mm.).
· Watermark: The number of prints of stamps and valuable papers. A special design and mark such as inscription, figure or motif in some paper of stamps, visible when paper is held up to the light. It is used for preventing printing of fake stamps.
· Maximum Card: Philatelic card with special postmark bearing a magnified picture on a postage stamp and carrying additionally the stamp itself as printed or affixed thereon.
Postmarks:
· Normal Postmark: Postage stamps are used in mail only once. In order to ensure this single use, postage stamps are cancelled by stamping with postmark (normal, first day and special postmark) after they are affixed.
· First day postmark: They are the date postmarks which are used only for cancellation of such postage stamps on the date on which they are issued and bearing on them inscriptions and designs related with the subject.
· Special Day Postmark: Date postmarks which are used for cancellation of any current postage stamp or commemoration block and bearing on them inscription and designs concerning the event, on certain days for some important events for which commemoration stamps have not been issued and in PTT Offices at the places where events have occurred.
Collection
Nowadays collection of postage stamps has become one of the major hobbies. Although everybody has a special interest in a subject and fond of dealing with collection, when we speak about collection we firstly think the postage stamp collection. While collection of postage stamp is the most widespread collection, it is also the most interesting, the best training and the most profitable collection.
Dealing with stamps is informative as well as pleasurable. Stamps in the collection of stamp are representative of the countries to which they belong. They give information to the collectors about their countries' history, geography, economy, famous persons, beauties, social life and traditions. Cultural level of a stamp collector automatically increases by dealing with collection of stamp.
Collection of stamp gives information to the collector and teaches to be tidy, helps him/her to make strong friendships, furthermore prevents him/her to make unvecessary expenditures.
Stamp collector who will take first step in philately. For a stamp collector who will take first step in philately, it is sufficient to begin with a series of stamp, if available a special block and first day envelop. Upon wish, a 4-block formed by 4 stamps on top of other and side by side not separated from one another may also be bought.
Stamps may be kept without being canceled, in other words as brand new and unused or those used may be kept with as being canceled. If stamps are canceled with a special mark it is proper to keep them with their envelopes. Collector of stamps must pay attention to see that the stamps should be perforated and not be broken. Otherwise, his/her collection becomes worthless. Furthermore, a philatelist who starts collecting the stamps must determine in advance what kind of collection he-she will make (classic, motif, thematic, country) and then must start buying stamps. Thus he/she may have a rather orderly collection.
Tools and apparatuses needed for a Philatelist
Tools and apparatuses needed and required at the beginning of collecting stamps are;
· Stamp pens,
· Stamp Album,
· Magnifier
· Catalogue for stamp.
Stamps are miniature works of an ever-changing art.
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Comments
Good info there.
Circulation of commemoration stamps is 600.000 and this quantity is fixed in Turkey.
Did you get this from a Turkish website?
myEbay
DPOTD 3
<< <i>Did you get this from a Turkish website? >>
Interesting observation Syracusian, I don't really remember. If so, it wasn't by design.
<< <i> I want to see a Tête Bêche got any pics of those? >>
Here you go Laceupboots.
ONLY TWO COVERS BEARING THE BERFORD'S 10-CENT TETE-BECHE VARIETY ARE RECORDED, BOTH ADDRESSED TO LIEUTENANT RUSH AT VALPARAISO. THIS IS THE ONLY COVER WITH TWO TETE-BECHE PAIRS. ONE OF THE MOST SPECTACULAR OF ALL COVERS CARRIED BY A PRIVATE MAIL FIRM, COMBINING PHILATELIC RARITY AND POSTAL HISTORY SIGNIFICANCE INTO ONE EXTRAORDINARY USAGE.
Richard G. Berford and Loring L. Lombard operated the Berford & Co. letter-carrying business beginning in 1851. Berford & Co.'s Express primarily served the West Coast of North, Central and South America, but also advertised rates to Hawaii, Hong Kong and China. Although their letter and package express business was fairly large, the adhesive stamps for letter mail are rare. During the course of their operation, there were several bitter clashes with the government over their mail route. The company is reported to have been sold in June 1854.
Courtesy: siegelauctions.com